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be going to

"be going to" 是一个常用的将来时表达方式,主要用于表示:

  1. 已经决定或计划好的事情
  2. 基于当前证据的预测

基本结构

结构是 "be + going to + 动词原形"

人称变化:

  • I am going to
  • You/We/They are going to
  • He/She/It is going to

主要用法

1. 计划和意图

表示已经决定或计划好的事情:

  • "I am going to visit my parents next week."(我下周打算去看望我的父母。)
  • "She is going to start a new job."(她将要开始一份新工作。)
  • "We are going to move to London."(我们打算搬到伦敦。)

2. 预测

基于现在的证据预测将要发生的事情:

  • "Look at those dark clouds. It's going to rain."(看那些乌云,要下雨了。)
  • "She's going to have a baby."(她要生孩子了。)

和其他将来时表达的区别

1. be going to vs. will

  • be going to:

    • 强调已经计划或决定好的事
    • 基于现有证据的预测
    • "I'm going to buy a new car."(我打算买新车。)
  • will:

    • 临时决定或承诺
    • 一般性预测
    • "I will help you with that."(我会帮你的。)

2. be going to vs. 现在进行时表将来

  • be going to:表示计划或意图

    • "I'm going to watch a movie tonight."(我今晚打算看电影。)
  • 现在进行时:表示已经安排好的事情

    • "I'm watching a movie with friends tonight."(我今晚和朋友一起看电影。)

注意事项

  1. 不能用于:

    • ❌ "I am going to can do it"
    • ✅ "I am going to be able to do it"
  2. 否定形式:

    • "I am not going to work today"
    • "He isn't going to come"
  3. 疑问形式:

    • "Are you going to study?"
    • "What are you going to do?"
  4. 在口语中,常缩写为 "gonna":

    • "I'm gonna do it"(非正式)